Document Type : Review Article
Authors
1
Dermatology Resident at Al Abasia hospital for psychiatry,Cairo
2
Professor of Dermatology and Venerology, Faculty of Medicine for girls Al- Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
3
Biochemistry Department Kasr AL Ainy University,Cairo
4
Community Medicine and Public Health Department -Faculty of Medicine -Cairo -Al-Azhar University,Egypt.
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common cutaneous diseases all over the world. It has a complex multifactorial etiology. It is a chronic, non-communicable disease with variable clinical features according to the age. The clinical picture of atopic dermatitis is usually presented as persistent itching, ketosis, and scaling. It is also associated with atopic march (atopic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and bronchial asthma). AD has been divided into infantile, childhood, and adulthood phases based on some characteristic clinical features. Infantile AD appears at 2 to 6 months of age as papules and papulovesicles that may form large plaques that ooze and crust, mainly on the face, hands, and extensors, but the scalp, neck, and trunk may also be involved. The diaper area is usually spared; however, diaper dermatitis is very common in atopic children. Childhood AD is presented at the age of 2 years to puberty with dry, lichenified papules and plaques and involves the face, antecubital and popliteal areas, hands, and feet, which are more commonly affected. Environmental chemicals, such as phthalates, may cause immunological disorders and aggravate allergic diseases. Phthalates are now everywhere in the environment; they are commonly used as stabilizers and plasticizers in plastics, toys, medical equipment, and food packing, and they are among the most frequently encountered indoor pollutants as building materials.
Objective: This overview describes the potential detrimental effects of phthalates on children’s AD to provide feasible strategies to reduce this.
Conclusion: Phthalate exposure is a risk factor for the development of AD in children. Careful observation of the child's environment to make sure of minimum exposure to phthalate and modify the risk of development of AD.
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